The ETC is made up of four complexes composed of proteins, as well as the mobile accessory electron carriers. In prokaryotic cells, it is located on the inner part of the cell membrane, and in eukaryotic cells it is in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. In simplest terms, electrons come from the breakdown of organic molecules for eukaryotic cells, and photosynthesis in prokaryotic cells when energy is released in both instances. At the end of the first three stages of cellular respiration, FAD+ and NAD+ are reduced down into NADH and FADH2 and are passed to protein complexes in the ETC. As they go through all four, they lose a bit of energy , and some of it is used to pump hydrogen ions from the matric back into the intermembrane space. Once the electrons reach the fourth complex, they are accepted by oxygen. Here the oxygen (that now has extra electrons) will bond with two hydrogen ions and become water. If the mitochondria has no oxygen, the electrons effectively have nowhere to go and the whole ETC gets backed up and stopped. The drive for these functions is the creation of ATP for cellular energy. If the ETC is backed up, then there is no way for the cell to produce ATP, and without cellular energy, the cell will die.
Reply by evaluating this–clarify and expand on this information. Then describe how the information connects to the information on the Krebs Cycle.
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